W
University of Washington

Evan Gallagher

Evan Gallagher, PhD, MEM
Professor, Env. and Occ. Health Sciences (Primary department)
Dr. Gallagher joined the faculty of the University of Washington in 2004 as Sheldon D. Murphy Associate Professor of Toxicology. Dr Gallagher was formerly an Associate Professor at the University of Florida were he also served as Director of the Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory in the College of Veterinary Medicine. Dr Gallagher is the Deputy Director of the UW Superfund research program, and serves on the editorial boards of Toxicological Sciences and Environmental Research. He is also an active member of the UW Center for Ecogenetics and Environmental Heath (CEEH). Dr. Gallagher is a member of the Society of Toxicology as well as the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. Dr. Gallagher maintains an active research and teaching program focused in the area of molecular and biochemical toxicology. His NIEHS Superfund project is directed toward an understanding the mechanisms of pesticide and metal induced olfactory injury in salmon. Zebrafish are used to address epigenetic mechanisms of chemical olfactory injury. Other projects include funding from SeaGrant to address the developmental toxicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) found in Pacific salmon, and also chemoprotection of PBDE toxicity by omega-3 PUFAs. He has continuing studies on the comparative biochemistry of glutathione transferases. His work involves environmental toxicological issues that cross ecosystem and human health boundaries. Accordingly, students and post-docs in Dr. Gallagher's laboratory potentially have the opportunity to work in the areas of aquatic/marine toxicology or environmental chemical toxicities impacting human health.

Contact Information

Box: 357234
Seattle, WA 98105-6099
Tel: 206-616-4739
Tel: 206-543-1005
Fax: 206-685-4696

Links

Affiliations

Research Interests

  • Aquatic Toxicology, Drug Metabolism, Pesticides, Metals, olfactory injury, Superfund Sites, Toxicogenomics, zebrafish,, oxidative stress, PBDEs
  • KEYWORDS: Aquatic toxicology, Drug metabolism, species differences in susceptibility to toxicants, Pesticides, Superfund sites, Toxicogenomics, Toxicology, Genetic susceptibility to toxins, Superfund sites

In the News

Teaching interests

ENV H 533 Molecular toxicologyENV H 590 Special topics: Biochemical aquatic toxicology/Puget Sound case studiesENV H 405 Toxic chemicals and human health

Education

PhD, Biochemical Toxicology, Duke University, 1991
MEM, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Chemistry, Duke University, 1986

Projects

Funding from the NIEHS Superfund research center is supporting biochemical, molecular and proteomic studies addressing the mechanisms of metal and pesticide induced olfactory injury to specific salmon. The olfactory injury studies include utilization of zebrafish as a well defined genetic laboratory model to better understand chemical inhibition of olfactory function. These NIEHS studies are also generating cellular biomarkers of olfactory injury in salmon for potential application at Superfund sites. We are also presently characterizing the structure and function of glutathione S-transferase isoforms in Pacific salmon with the intent of understanding the role of these enzymes in susceptibility to chemical injury. As with our NIEHS funded studies, zebrafish are utilized to better understand the structure and function of fish glutathione S-transferases. Other ongoing studies in the laboratory are addressed at increasing our understanding of the nature and mechanisms of PBDE toxicity, and in the context of exposures during pregnancy and developmental toxicity. These studies include modulation cell injury of PBDE by co-consumed protective micronutrients in salmon tissues. Practical applications of our aquatic toxicology work involve the development and field application of biochemical and molecular biomarkers of pollutant exposure and effects in salmonids, as well in providing better identification of fish populations at high risk to chemical injury.
Selected Publications

Research Papers in Refereed Journals through 2011

  1. McClain, V., Stapleton, H.M, Tilton, F., and E.P. GALLAGHER. 2011. BDE 49 is a developmental toxicant in zebrafish. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part C. e-pub in press.
  2. Tilton F, Tilton S, Stapleton P, Bammler T, Beyer R, Scholz, N. GALLAGHER E. 2011. Transcriptional impact of organophosphate and metal mixtures on olfaction:  Copper dominates the chlorpyrifos-induced response in adult zebrafish.  Aquatic Toxicology. 102(3-4):205-15.
  3. Roberts, S., Noyes, P., GALLAGHER, E., and H. Stapleton. 2011. Species-Specific Differences and Structure-Activity Relationships in the Debromination of PBDE Congeners in Three Fish Species. Environmental Science and Technology.  45(5):1999-2005.
  4. Tilton F., Bammler T., GALLAGHER, E.P. 2011. Effect of copper and chlorpyrifos alone, and as mixtures, on zebrafish swimming behavior. Comp.  Biochem.  Physiol. Part C. 153(1):9-16.
  5. Browne. E., Kelly, M. Zhou, G.D., He, L.Y., McDonald, T., Wang, S., Duncan, B., Meador, J., Donnelly, K., and E. GALLAGHER.  2010. In situ biomonitoring of juvenile Chinook salmon (Onchorhynchus tshawytscha) using biomarkers of chemical exposures and effects in an urbanized waterway of the Puget Sound, WA. Environmental Research. 110(7):675-83.
  6. Shao, J., White, C., Dabrowski, M., Kavanagh, T. and E. GALLAGHER.  2010. Flow cytometry analysis of BDE 47 injury to rainbow trout gill epithelial cells.  Aquatic toxicology. 97:42-50.
  7. Browne, E., Stapleton, H., Kelly H., Tilton, S. and E. GALLAGHER. 2009. In vitro hepatic metabolism of 2,2',4,4',5-pentabromodiphenyl ether (BDE 99) in Chinook Salmon (Onchorhynchus tshawytscha). Aquatic Toxicology. 92(4):281-287.
  8. Lefebvre, K., Tilton S., Bammler, T., Beyer, R., Jansen, P. and E. GALLAGHER. 2009.  Gene expression profiles in zebrafish brain after acute exposure to domoic acid at symptomatic and asymptomatic doses.  Toxicological Sciences, 107(1):65-77.
  9. Tilton F, Tilton S, Stapleton P, Bammler T, Beyer R, Farin F, GALLAGHER EP. 2008. Transcriptional biomarkers and mechanisms of copper-induced olfactory injury in zebrafish.  Environmental Science and Technology, 42:9404-9411.
  10. GALLAGHER, E., LaVire, H., Stapleton, P., Bammler, T, Beyer, D., and F. Farin. 2008. Hepatic expression profiling in smolting and adult coho salmon (Onchorhynchus kisutch). Environmental Research.  106(3):365-78.
  11. Shao, J., Eckert, M., White, C., Dabrowski, M., Kavanagh, T. and E. GALLAGHER.  2008. The role of mitochondrial and oxidative injury in BDE 47 toxicity to human fetal liver hematopoietic stem cells. Toxicol.  Sci. 101(1) 81-90.
  12. Shao, J., M., Eckert, M, Lee, L.E.J., and E. GALLAGHER.  2008. Comparative oxyradical production and toxicity of BDE 47 in rainbow trout liver and gill cells.  Marine Environmental Research.  Short communication. 66(1):7-8.
  13. Matsuo, A., Li, Q., GALLAGHER, E., Trute, M., Janssen, P. and D.R Schlenk. 2007. Characterization of liver phase I biotransformation enzymes in coho salmon. Comp Biochem. Physiol C. 147:78-84.
  14. GALLAGHER, E.P., Huisden, C., and J. Gardner. 2007. Transfection of HepG2 cells with hGSTA4 provides protection against 4-hydroxynonenal-mediated oxidative injury. Toxicology In vitro.21:1365-1372.
  15. Trute, M., Gallus, B., Goodlett, D. and GALLAGHER, E.P. 2007. Glutathione S-transferase isozyme expression in coho salmon liver.  Aquatic Toxicology.  81:126-136
  16. Shao, J., Janssen, P. Lin, Y. and GALLAGHER, E. 2007.  Cytochrome P450 and glutathione S-transferase mRNA expression in human fetal liver hematopoietic stem cells. Drug Metab. Disp. 35:168-175.
  17. Steiner, C., Peters, W.H.M., GALLAGHER, E.P. and B L. Pool-Zobel. 2007. Genistein protects human mammary epithelial cells from genotoxicity by modulating the glutathione/glutathione S-transferase system. Carcinogenesis. 28:738-748.
  18. GALLAGHER, E.P., Gardner, J.S. and D.L. Barber. 2006.  Several glutathione S-transferase isozymes that protect against oxidative injury are expressed in human liver mitochondria. Biochem. Pharmacol. 71: 1619-1628.
  19. GALLAGHER, E.P. 2006.  Using salmonid microarrays to understand the dietary modulationof carcinogenesis in rainbow trout.  Toxicol.  Sciences.  90:1-4.
  20. Moneypenny, C.G, Shao, J., Song Y., and E.P. GALLAGHER.  2006. Etoposide-induced DNA damage and MLL gene rearrangements in cultured human fetal liver hematopoietic stem cells.  Carcinogenesis.  27(4)871-881.
  21. Moneypenny, C.G. and E.P. GALLAGHER. 2005. 4-Hydroxynonenal inhibits cell proliferation and alters differentiation pathways in human fetal liver hematopoietic stem cells. Biochemical Pharmacology. 69:105-112.
  22. Knoll, N., Ruhe, C., Glei, M., GALLAGHER, E.P., Pool-Zobel B. 2005. Genotoxicity of 4-hydroxynonenal in human colon tumor cells is associated with cellular levels of glutathione and expression of glutathione S-transferase A4-4. Toxicol. Sciences. 86:27-35.
  23. Henson, K.A. and E.P. GALLAGHER. 2004. Glutathione S- transferase expression in pollution-associated hepatic lesions of brown bullheads (Ameriurus nebulosus) from the Cuyahoga River, Cleveland, Ohio. Toxicol.  Sciences.  180:26-33
  24. Doi, A., Pham, R., Hughes, E., Barber, D.S., and E. GALLAGHER. 2004. Molecular cloning and characterization of a glutathione S-transferase in largemouth bass liver that is involved in the detoxification of 4-hydroxynonenal. Biochem.  Pharmacol.67:2129-2139.
  25. Hughes and EP GALLAGHER. 2004. Effects of 4-nonylphenol and 17 Beta-estradiol on phase two antioxidant gene expression in largemouth bass liver.  Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 137;237-247.
  26. Hughes, E.M. and E.P. GALLAGHER. 2004. Effect of bnaphthoflavone on biotransformation gene expression and glutathione biosynthesis in largemouth bass liver. Marine Envir.  Res. 58:675-679.
  27. Sepulveda, M., GALLAGHER, E.P. and Gross, T.S. 2004.  Physiological changes in largemouth bass exposed to paper mill effluents under laboratory and field conditions.  Ecotoxicology 13:291-301.
  28. Pham, R.T., Barber, D.S., and E.P. GALLAGHER. 2004. GSTA is the major gene responsible for 4-hydroxynonenal metabolism in largemouth bass liver. Marine Environmental Res. 58:485-488.
  29. Sepulveda, M., GALLAGHER, E.P., Wieser, C. and Gross, T.S. 2003. Reproductive and Biochemical Biomarkers in Florida Largemouth Bass Sampled Downstream from a Paper Mill in Florida. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 57:431-40
  30. Gardner, J.L., A.M. Doi, R.T. Pham, C.M. Huisden, and E.P. GALLAGHER. 2003. Ontogenic differences in the detoxification of 4-hydroxynonenal are associated with in vitro injury to human hematopoietic progenitor cells. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.  191:95-106.
  31. Pham, R., Gardner, J. and E. GALLAGHER. 2002. Conjugation of 4-hydroxynonenal by largemouth bass glutathione S-transferases. Marine Environmental Research 54: 291 -295.
  32. Doi, A., Patterson, P. and E. GALLAGHER. 2002. Variation in aflatoxin B1-metabolizing enzyme expression and susceptibility to macromolecular binding in human liver tissues. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 181:48-59.
  33. GALLAGHER, E.P. and J.L. Gardner. 2002. Comparative expression of alpha class glutathione S-transferases in adult and prenatal human liver tissues. Biochem. Pharmacol. 7248: 1-12.
  34. Henson, K.L., Stauffer, G., and E.P. GALLAGHER. 2001.  Induction of glutathione S-transferase activity and protein expression in brown bullhead (Ameriurus nebulosus) liver by ethoxyquin. Toxicol. Sci. 62:54-60.
  35. Gardner, J.G. and GALLAGHER, E.P.  2001. Development of a peptide antibody against human glutathione S-transferase 4-4 (hGSTA4-4) reveals mitochondrial localization. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 390:19-27. (Featured article in the issue).
  36. GALLAGHER, E.P., Gross, T.S. and Sheehy, K.M. 2001.  Decreased glutathione S-transferase expression and altered steroids in Lake Apopka brown bullheads. Aquatic Toxicol.  55:223-237.
  37. GALLAGHER, E.P. and Sheehy, K.M.  2001. Effect of phenytoin on gene expression, oxidative damage and cell viability of cultured human fetal liver slices.  Toxicol. Sci. 59:118-126.
  38. Gardner, J., Bammler, T., Mannervik, B. and E. GALLAGHER. 2001. Development of a peptide antibody that specifically detects human glutathione S-transferase hGSTA4-4 protein. Chem. Biol. Interact. 133:63-67.
  39. Henson, K.L, Sheehy, K.M., and E.P. GALLAGHER. 2000. Conservation of a theta-like glutathione S-transferase among freshwater and marine fish.  Mar. Environ. Res. 592 (50):17-21.
  40. GALLAGHER, E.P. and Sheehy, K.M. 2000. Altered glutathione S-transferase catalysis in brown bullheads inhabiting a contaminated lake. Mar. Environ. Res. 592(50) 399-403.
  41. GALLAGHER, E.P., Sheehy, K.M., Lame, M.W., and H.J. Segall. 2000.  In vitro kinetics of hepatic glutathione S-transferase catalysis in largemouth bass and brown bullheads. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 19:319-326.
  42. GALLAGHER, E.P., Sheehy, K.M., Janssen, P.L., Eaton, D.L. and T.C. Collier. 1999.  Isolation and cloning of homologous glutathione S-transferase cDNAs from English sole and starry flounder.  Aquatic Toxicol. 44:171182.
  43. Reid, L.L., Neil, D., Lu, Y., GALLAGHER, E.P., and T.J. Kavanagh. 1997. Molecular cloning and sequencing of the cDNA encoding the catalytic subunit of mouse glutamate-cysteine ligase. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1352:233-237.
  44. GALLAGHER, E.P., Kunze, K L., Janssen, P.L., and D.L. Eaton. 1996. The kinetics of in vitro cytochrome P450 1A2 and 3A4-mediated aflatoxin      B1 oxidation in human liver. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 141:595-606.
  45. GALLAGHER, E.P., Stapleton, P.L., Slone, D.H., Schlenk, D.R., and Eaton, D.L. 1996. Channel catfish glutathione S-transferase isoenzyme activity toward (+)-anti-benzo(a)pyrene-trans-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide. Aquatic Toxicol. 34:135-150.
  46. Eaton, D.L., GALLAGHER, E.P., Bammler, T., Kunze, K.L. 1995. The role of human cytochrome P450 1A2 genetics in liver cancer risk: implications for human variability in expression and enzyme activity. Pharmacogenetics 5:259-274.
  47. Buetler, T.M., GALLAGHER, E.P., Stahl, D.L., Wang, C., Hayes, J.D., Eaton,  D.L. 1995. Induction of phase I and phase II drug metabolizing enzyme mRNA, protein and activity by BHA, ethoxyquin and oltipraz. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 135:45-57.
  48. GALLAGHER, E.P., Buetler, T.M., Wang, C., Stapleton. P., Stahl, D.L. and D.L. Eaton. 1995. The effects of diquat and ciprofibrate on            hepatic cytochrome P450, glutathione S-transferase, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase and antioxidant enzyme messenger RNA expression and catalytic activities in rat liver. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 134:81-91.
  49. GALLAGHER, E.P. and Eaton D.L. 1995. In vitro metabolism of aflatoxin B1 in channel catfish liver. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 132: 89-90.
  50. Slone, D.S., GALLAGHER, E.P., Ramsdell, H.S., Rettie, A.E., and D.L. Eaton. 1995. Variation in glutathione S-transferase conjugation of       synthetic aflatoxin B1-8,9-epoxide and reference substrates among fourteen human liver samples. Pharmacogenetics. 5:224-233.
  51. GALLAGHER, E.P., Wienkers, L.C., Stapleton, P.L., Kunze, K.L.  and D. L. Eaton. 1994. Role of human microsomal and human           complimentary DNA-expressed cytochromes P4501A2 and P4503A4 in the bioactivation of aflatoxin B1. Cancer Res. 54, 1-8.
  52. Eaton, D.L. and GALLAGHER, E.P. 1994. Mechanisms of aflatoxin carcinogenesis. Ann. Rev. Pharmacol. 34:135-172.
  53. Di Giulio, R.T., Habig, C.H., and E.P. GALLAGHER. 1993. Effects of Black Rock harbor sediments on indices of biotransformation, oxidative stress and DNA integrity in channel catfish. Aquat. Toxicol. 26:1-22.
  54. Darby, P.C., GALLAGHER, E.P. and R.T. Di Giulio. 1993. Glutathione-dependent enzyme activities in the gill and digestive gland of     the wedge clam (Rangea cuneata). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 106C:809-814.
  55. GALLAGHER, E.P. Hasspieler, B.M. and R.T. Di Giulio. 1992. Effects of buthionine sulfoximine and diethyl maleate on glutathione turnover in                    channel catfish. Biochem. Pharmacol. 43:2209-2215.
  56. GALLAGHER, E.P. and R.T. Di Giuilio. 1992. Glutathione-mediated detoxification of chlorothalonil in the gills of channel catfish.  Mar. Envr. Res. 34:221-226.
  57. GALLAGHER, E.P. Canada, A.T. and R.T. Di Giuilio. 1992. The protective role of glutathione in chlorothalonil-induced toxicity to channel catfish.  Aquat. Toxicol. 23:155-168.
  58. GALLAGHER. E.P. and R.T. Di Giulio. 1992. A comparison of glutathione-dependent enzyme activities in liver, gills, and posterior kidney of channel catfish        (Ictalurus punctatus). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C 102:543-547.
  59. GALLAGHER, E.P., Cattley, R.C. and R.T. Di Giulio. 1992. The acute toxicity and sublethal effects of chlorothalonil in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Chemosphere 24:3-10.
  60. GALLAGHER, E.P. and R.T. Di Giulio. 1991. Single and interactive effects of 2,4-D and picloram on hepatic biotransformation, peroxisomal and glutathione S-transferase activities in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Toxicol. Lett. 57:65-72.
  61. GALLAGHER, E.P., Kedderis, G.L. and R.T. Di Giulio. 1991. Glutathione S-transferase mediated chlorothalonil metabolism in channel catfish liver and gill subcellular fractions. Biochem. Pharmacol. 42:139-145.
  62. GALLAGHER, E.P. and R.T. Di Giulio. 1990. Effects of complex waste mixtures on hepatic monooxygenase activities in brown bullheads (Ictalurus nebulosus). Envr. Pollution. 63:123-135.
  63. Wenning, R.J., R.T. Di Giulio, and E.P. GALLAGHER. 1988.  Oxidant- mediated biochemical effects of paraquat in the ribbed mussel (Guekensia demissa).  Aquat. Toxicol. 12:157-170.

Book Chapters

  1. Eaton D.L. and E.P. GALLAGHER. 2010. Introduction to the General Principles of Toxicology, Chapter 1, in Bond, J., Sipes, I.G., McQueen, C.A and Gandolfi,     A.J, eds. Comprehensive Toxicology, Vol. 2. Pergamon Press, New York.
  2. Schlenk, D. GALLAGHER, E.P., James, M.O, and S. George. 2009. Biotransformations. Chapter 4 in The Toxicology of Fishes. Di Giulio, R.T. and Hinton, D.E., eds. Taylor and Francis. 1072 pp.
  3. Eaton. D.L, GALLAGHER, E.P., Schlenk, D.R., Hooper, M. and P. Schmieder.  2007. Species Differences in Response to Toxic Substances: Shared Pathways of Toxicity, Chapter 3 in Emerging Molecular and Computational Approaches for Cross-Species Extrapolations.  Di Giulio R.T. and W.H. Benson, eds. SETAC press.
  4. Eaton D.L. and E.P. GALLAGHER. 1997. Introduction to the General Principles of Toxicology, Chapter 1, in Sipes, I.G., McQueen, C.A and Gandolfi,                    A.J, eds. Comprehensive Toxicology. Pergamon Press, New York.
  5. GALLAGHER, E.P. and D.L. Eaton. 1997. Environmental Concerns of Pesticide Use in the Forest Environment. Chapter Two, Forest Pesticides                    Applicators Manual. Western Washington University Press.
  6. GALLAGHER, E.P., Kavanagh, T.J., and D.L. Eaton. 1994. GSH, GSSG, and Mixed Disulfides in Biological Samples. Chapter 29 in Methods in Toxicology, Volume 1B: In Vitro Biological Systems. Raven Press.
  7. Di Giulio, R.T., GALLAGHER, E.P., and C. Habig. 1993. The role of in vitro studies in ecological hazard assessments, in Wildlife Toxicology and Population Modeling; Integrated Studies of Agroecosystems. Eds. Kendall, R.J. and T.E. Lacher. SETAC Press. 592 pp.

Peer-reviewed technical communications

Carvan, M., E. GALLAGHER, A. Goksøyr, M. Hahn, J. Larsson. 2007.  Fish models in toxicology: A roundtable discussion. Zebrafish. 4:9-20.

Review date: 
4/19/2012